Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

Background: Trichophyton rubrum infection is a major cause of superficial fungal infections, particularly in tropical regions where environmental and behavioral factors favor transmission. Understanding its prevalence and associated risk factors is essential for effective control strategies.

Aim: This study investigated the prevalence and distribution of Trichophyton rubrum among patients attending two tertiary health institutions in Makurdi, Benue State.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 patients recruited from Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH) and Federal Medical Center (FMC), Makurdi. Samples were collected from active lesion sites using sterile techniques and analyzed using potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Sociodemographic and risk factor data were obtained using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed to determine associations between infection and variables such as age, sex, occupation, and hygiene practices.

Results: Out of 400 participants, 294 (73.5%) tested positive for Trichophyton rubrum. Prevalence was higher in BSUTH (78%) compared to FMC (69%). Infection was significantly associated with age (p < 0.05), with the highest prevalence among individuals aged 31–40 years. Occupation, educational status, marital status, and sharing of personal items (such as towels and sponges) were also significantly associated with infection. However, no significant association was observed with sex (p > 0.05). Itching was the most common clinical symptom reported.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates a high prevalence of Trichophyton rubrum infections in Makurdi, highlighting the role of environmental, occupational, and behavioral factors in disease transmission.