Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotics: Current Status and Future Prospects
Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 8, Issue 2,
Page 120-139
DOI:
10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28424
Abstract
From the last decade, the use of probiotics for human health has received greater recognition as scientific authentication and validation keep on increasing in the properties, functionality, and beneficial effects of probiotics Lactobacillus on human health. In the group of lactic acid bacteria the Lactobacillus is the predominately strains and most utilized for the production of fermented dairy products, sourdough, vegetable foods, meat or used as probiotics. Lactobacilli are considered especially as beneficial bacteria, because they are recommendable microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary, and genital systems without causing any disease. The gastrointestinal tract absorb the probiotics and stimulates the immune system and activate the regulatory T cells that further release the IL-10. On the other hand, bacteriocins a kind of ribosomal produced antimicrobial peptides synthesized by different bacteria and stable to heat. Many researchers purified and identified bacteriocins for utilization in food industry to extend food preservation time, manage pathogenic diseases and cancer therapy, and maintain human health. In the future Bacteriocins possibly become a potential drug candidate to treat multiple drugs resistance pathogens instead of antibiotics. The European Food and Safety Authority deny the health claims of probiotics because of unavailability of molecular mechanisms and their modes of action, irreproducibility of trials, as well as strong individual responses of the hosts, and strain-specificity. Similarly, information on the dose effects are still lacking and need explored further so that probiotic become potential substitute of the antibiotics for the cure of the diseases. Various techniques have been developed for construction of genomic modifications in Lactobacillus, including food-grade ones which results in strains labelled as non-GMO. These are still very useful for the multitude Lactic acid bacteria applications wherever GMOs are not acceptable. Nowadays consumers are aware of gut health and concept of preventative health care, therefore growing demand for probiotics increasing day by day. Therefore, the present review focused on the developments and applications of the Lactobacillus and bacteriocins producing lactobacillus.
- Bacteriocins
- Lactobacillus
- microbiota
- probiotics
- human health
How to Cite
References
Piard JC, Desmazeaud M. Inhibiting factors produced by lactic acid bacteria. 1. Oxygen metabolites and catabolism end-products. Le Lait. 1991;71(5):525-41.
Kim HS, Jeong SG, Ham JS, Chae HS, Lee JM, Ahn CN. Antioxidative and probiotic properties of Lactobacillus gasseri NLRI-312 isolated from Korean infant feces. Asian Australian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2006;19(9):1335.
Vuotto C, Longo F, Donelli G. Probiotics to counteract biofilm-associated infections: promising and conflicting data. International Journal of Oral Science. 2014;6(4):189-94.
Cavera VL, Volski A, Chikindas ML. The Natural Antimicrobial Subtilosin A Synergizes with Lauramide Arginine Ethyl Ester (LAE), ε-Poly-l-lysine (Polylysine), Clindamycin Phosphate and Metronidazole, Against the Vaginal Pathogen Gardnerella vaginalis. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. 2015;7(2):164-71.
Lebeer S, Verhoeven TL, Vélez MP, Vanderleyden J, De Keersmaecker SC. Impact of environmental and genetic factors on biofilm formation by the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2007;73(21):6768-75.
Kazemipoor M, Radzi CW, Begum K, Yaze I. Screening of antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented vegetables against food borne pathogens. Archives Des Sciences. 2012;65(6):1-10.
Khalil R, El-Halafawy K, Mahrous H, Kamaly K, Frank J, El Soda M. Evaluation of the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from faeces of breast-fed infants in Egypt. African Journal of Biotechnology. 200;76(7).
Mirlohi M, Solemania ZS, Sheikh ZM, Fazeli H. Ernumeration of Lactobacilli in the Fecal Flora of Infant by using two different modified de-Man Rogosa Sharpe Media under aeobic and anaerobic incubation. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2008;11:876-881.
Yang SC, Lin CH, Sung CT, Fang JY. Antibacterial activities of Bacteriocins: applications in foods and pharmaceuticals. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2014;5:241.
Kasra-Kermanshahi R, Mobarak-Qamsari E. Inhibition effect of Lactic acid bacteria against Food borne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes. Applied Food Biotechnology. 2015;2(4):11-9.
Dickson-Spillmann M, Siegrist M, Keller C. Attitudes toward chemicals are associated with preference for natural food. Food Quality and Preference. 2011;22(1):149-56.
Perez RH, Zendo T, Sonomoto K. Novel bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria (LAB): various structures and applications. Microbiology Cell Factories. 2014;13(1): S3.
Soumya TV, Reshma J, Surya J. Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus sp and Optimization of Cultural Conditions. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 2012;2:1-9.
Zhu WM, LiuW, Wu DQ. Isolation and characterization of a new bacteriocin from Lactobacillus gasseri KT7. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2000;88:877-886
Papagianni M, Anastasiadou S Pediocins. The bacteriocins of Pediococci. Sources, production, properties and applications. Microbial Cell Factories. 2009;8(1):3.
Reid G, Gadir A Azza, Dhir R. Probiotics: Reiterating what they are and what they are not. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2019;10:424.
Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11(8):506-14.
Finegold SM, Sutter VL, Sugihara PT, Elder HA, Lehmann SM, Phillips RL. Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1977;30(11):1781-92.
Recine N, Palma E, Domenici L, Giorgini M, Imperiale L, Sassu C, et al. Restoring vaginal microbiota: biological control of bacterial vaginosis. A prospective case–control study using Lactobacillus rhamnosus BMX 54 as adjuvant treatment against bacterial vaginosis. Archives of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2016;293(1): 101-107.
Kandasamy S, Vlasova AN, Fischer D, Kumar A, Chattha KS, Rauf A, Saif LJ. Differential effects of Escherichia coli Nissle and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG on human rotavirus binding, infection, and B cell immunity. The Journal of Immunology. 2016;196(4):1780-1789.
Karkhaneh M, Fraser L, Jou H, Vohra S. Effectiveness of probiotics in infantile colic: A rapid review. Paediatrics & Child Health. 2019;pxz007.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxz007.
Canani RB, Sangwan N, Stefka AT, Nocerino R, Paparo L, Aitoro R, Nagler CR. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-supplemented formula expands butyrate-producing bacterial strains in food allergic infants. The ISME Journal. 2016;10(3):742.
Yang P, Wang J, Qi Q. Prophage recombinases-mediated genome engineering in Lactobacillus plantarum. Microb Cell Fact. 2015;14:154.
Sahoo TK, Jena PK, Patel AK, Seshadri S. Purification and Molecular Characterization of the Novel Highly Potent Bacteriocin TSU4 Produced by Lactobacillus animalis TSU4. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2015;177(1):90-104.
Parada JL, Caron CR, Medeiros AB, Soccol CR. Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria: purification, properties and use as biopreservatives. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 2007;50(3):512-42.
Gayathri D, Devaraja TN. Lactobacillus sp. As probiotics for human health with special emphasis on colorectal cancer. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2011;4(8):1008-14.
Udhayashree N, Senbagam D, Senthilkumar B, Nithya K, Gurusamy R. Production of bacteriocin and their application in food products. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2012; 2(1):S406-10.
Sankar NR, Priyanka VD, Reddy PS, Rajanikanth P, Kumar VK, Indira M. Purification and characterization of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from cow milk. International Journal of Microbiology Residues. 2012;3(2):133-7.
Jena P, Trivedi D, Chaudhary H, Sahoo T, Seshadri S. Bacteriocin PJ4 Active against enteric pathogen produced by PJ4 isolated from Gut Microflora of Wistar Rat: Partial Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2013;7(169):2088-100.
Patel A, Prajapati JB, Holst O, Ljungh A. Determining probiotic potential of exopolysaccharide producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from vegetables and traditional Indian fermented food products. Food Bioscience. 2014;5:27-33.
Saraniya A, Jeevaratnam K. Purification and Mode of action of antilisterial bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus pentosus SJ65 isolated from Uttapam batter. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2014;38(6):612-9.
Gautam N, Sharma N, Ahlawat O. Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by UN Isolated from Dhulliachar: A Traditional Food Product of North East India. Indian Journal of Microbiology. 2014;2(54):185-9.
Shokryazdan P, Sieo CC, Kalavathy R, Liang JB, Alitheen NB, Faseleh Jahromi M, Ho YW. Probiotic potential of Lactobacillus strains with antimicrobial activity against some human pathogenic strains. BioMed Research International. 2014;1:16.
Trivedi D, Jena P, Patel J, Seshadri S. Partial Purification and Characterization of a Bacteriocin DT24 Produced by Probiotic Vaginal DT24 and Determination of its Anti-Uropathogenic Potential. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins. 2013;2(5):142-51.
Baloch MN, Siddiqi R, Asad W, Wahab A. Isolation of Lactic acid bacteria and their antibacterial spectrum against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. International Journal of Current Research. 2015;7:13450-13456.
Galdeano CM, Perdigon G. Role of viability of probiotic strains in their persistence in the gut and in mucosal immune stimulation. J Appl Microbiol. 2004;97:673–681.
Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: An investigation of age-related immunological changes. Journal of Clinical Immunology. 2001;21(4):264-71.
Galdeano CM, Cazorla SI, Dumit JM, Vélez E, Perdigón G. Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Consumption on the Immune System. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2019;74(2):115-24.
Dai C, Zhao DH, Jiang M. VSL#3 probiotics regulate the intestinal epithelial barrier in vivo and in vitro via the p38 and ERK signalling pathways. Int J Mol Med. 2012;29:202–208.
Habil N, Abate W, Beal J, et al. Heat-killed probiotic bacteria differentially regulate colonic epithelial cell production of human β-defensin-2: dependence on inflammatory cytokines. Benef Microbes. 2014;5:483-495.
Cazorla SI, Maldonado-Galdeano C, Weill R, et al. Oral administration of probiotics increases paneth cells and intestinal antimicrobial activity. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:736.
Lemme-Dumit JM, Polti MA, Perdigon G, et al. Probiotic bacteria cell walls stimulate the activity of the intestinal epithelial cells and macrophage functionality. Benef Microbes. 2018;9:153-164.
Sichetti M, De Marco S, Pagiotti R, et al. (2018). Antiinflammatory effect of multistrain probiotic formulation (L. rhamnosus, B. lactis, and B. longum). Nutrition 53: 95-102.
Kiymaci M E, Altanlar N,Gumustas M,Ozkan A S, Akin A. Quorum sensing signals and related virulence inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by apotential probiotic strain's organic acid. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2018;121:190-197.
Kim J, Kim J, Kim Y, Oh S, Song M, Choe JH, Whang KY, Kim KH, Oh S. Influences of quorum‐quenching probiotic bacteria on the gut microbial community and immune function in weaning pigs. Animal Science Journal. 2018;89(2):412-22.
Piewngam P, Zheng Y, Nguyen TH, Dickey SW, Joo HS, Villaruz AE, et al. Pathogen elimination by probiotic Bacillus via signalling interference. Nature. 2018; 562(7728):532.
Lebeer S, De Keersmaecker SC, Verhoeven TL, Fadda AA, Marchal K, Vanderleyden J. Functional analysis of luxS in the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals a central metabolic role important for growth and biofilm formation. Journal of bacTeriology. 2007;189(3):860-71.
Wasfi R, Rahman A O,Zafer M M, Ashour H M. Probiotic lactobacillus sp. inhibit growth, biofilm formation and gene expression of caries- inducing streptococcus mutans. Journal of cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2018;22(3):1972-1983.
Malik S, Petrova MI, Claes IJ, Verhoeven TL, Busschaert P, Vaneechoutte M, et al. The highly autoaggregative and adhesive phenotype of the vaginal Lactobacillus plantarum strain CMPG5300 is sortase dependent. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2013;79(15):4576-85.
Kaur S, Sharma P, Kalia N, Singh J, Kaur S. Anti-biofilm properties of the fecal probiotic lactobacilli against Vibrio spp. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2018;8:120.
De Keersmaecker SC, Verhoeven TL, Desair J, Marchal K, Vanderleyden J, Nagy I. Strong antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG against Salmonella typhimurium is due to accumulation of lactic acid. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2006;259(1):89-96.
Wang M, Gao Z, Zhang Y et al. Lactic acid bacteria as mucosal delivery vehicles: A realistic therapeutic option. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016;100:5691–701.
Lee B and Kim SE. The Inhibitory Effect of Probiotics on the Growth and Biofilm Formation of Salmonella sp. Journal of Emerging Investigators. 2019;2:1-7.
Dronkers TMG, Krist L, Van Overveld FJ, Rijkers GT. The ascent of the blessed: Regulatory issues on health effects and health claims for probiotics in Europe and the rest of the world. Beneficial Microbes 2018;9(5):717-723.
Salvetti E, O’Toole PW. When regulation challenges innovation: The case of the genus Lactobacillus. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2017;66:187–94.
Van Pijkeren J-P, Barrangou R. Genome editing of food-grade lactobacilli to develop therapeutic probiotics. Microbiol Spectr. 2017;5.
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec. BAD-0013-2016.
Million M, Maraninchi M, Henry M, Armougom F, Richet H, Carrieri P, et al. Obesity-associated gut microbiota is enriched in Lactobacillus reuteri and depleted in Bifidobacterium animalis and Methanobrevibacter smithii. International Journal of Obesity. 2012;36(6):817-25.
Satokari RM, Vaughan EE, Favier CF, Doré J, Edwards C, Vos WM. Diversity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp. in breast-fed and formula-fed infants as assessed by 16S rDNA sequence differences. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. 2002;14(2):97-105.
Armougom F, Henry M, Vialettes B, Raccah D, Raoult D. Monitoring bacterial community of human gut microbiota reveals an increase in Lactobacillus in obese patients and Methanogens in anorexic patients. PloS One. 2009; 4(9):e7125.
Bervoets L, Van Hoorenbeeck K, Kortleven I, Van Noten C, Hens N, Vael C, et al. Differences in gut microbiota composition between obese and lean children: A cross-sectional study. Gut Pathogens. 2013;5(1):10.
Chung H J, Jae G Yu, In-Ah Lee, Ming-Jie Liu, Yan-Fei Shen, Satya P Sharma, et al. Intestinal removal of free fatty acids from hosts by Lactobacilli for the treatment of obesity. FEBS Press and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2016;6:64–76.
Braegger, Christian, Chmielewska, Anna, Decsi, Tamas, Kolacek, Sanja Mihatsch, Walter Moreno, Luis Pieścik, et al. Supplementation of Infant Formula With Probiotics and/or Prebiotics: A Systematic Review and Comment by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2011; 52(2):238–250.
Koleva T Petya, BridgmanL Sarah, Kozyrskyj L Anita. The infant gut microbiome: Evidence for obesity risk and dietary intervention. Nutrients. 2015;7(4): 2237-2260.
Kanasi E, Johansson I, Lu SC, Kressin NR, Nunn ME, Kent R, Tanner AC. Microbial risk markers for childhood caries in pediatricians’ offices. Journal of Dental Research. 2010;89(4):378-83.
Yildiz GG, Öztürk M, Aslım B. Identification of Lactobacillus strains from breast-fed infant and investigation of their cholesterol-reducing effects. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2011; 27(10):2397-406.
Twetman S, Derawi B, Keller M, Ekstrand K, Yucel-Lindberg T, Stecksen-Blicks C. Short-term effect of chewing gums containing probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri on the levels of inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2009;67(1):19-24.
Nunn KL, Wang YY, Harit D, Humphrys MS, Ma B, Cone R, Ravel J, Lai SK. Enhanced trapping of HIV-1 by human cervicovaginal mucus is associated with Lactobacillus crispatus-dominant microbiota. mBio. 2015;6(5):e01084-15.
Pelinescu D, Chifiriuc MC, Ditu LM, Sarbu I, Bleotu C, Vassu I, et al. Selection and characterization of the probiotic potential of some lactic acid bacteria isolated from infant feces. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. 2011;16(3):6178-89.
Vahabnezhad E, Mochon AB, Wozniak LJ, Ziring DA. Lactobacillus bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a pediatric patient with ulcerative colitis. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2013;47(5):437-9.
Castro González JM, Castro P, Sandoval H, Castro-Sandoval D. Probiotic lactobacilli precautions. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2019;10:375.
Bron PA, Marcelli B, Mulder J et al. Renaissance of traditional DNA transfer strategies for improvement of industrial lactic acid bacteria. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2019;56:61–68.
Xin Y, Guo T, Mu Y et al. Coupling the recombineering to Cre-lox system enables simplified large-scale genome deletion in Lactobacillus casei. Microb Cell Fact. 2018;17:1-11.
Van Pijkeren JP, Britton RA. High efficiency recombineering in lactic acid bacteria. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012;40:e76.
Leenay RT, Vento JM, Shah M, Martino ME, Leulier F, Beisel CL. Streamlined, recombinase-free genome editing with CRISPR-Cas9 in Lactobacillus plantarum reveals barriers to efficient editing. bioRxiv; 2018.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1101/352039.
Alvarez MA, Herrero M, Suárez JE. The Site-Specific Recombination System of the Lactobacillus species Bacteriophage A2 Integrates in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. Virology. 1998;250(1): 185-193.
Brøndsted L, Hammer K. Use of the integration elements encoded by the temperate lactococcal bacteriophage TP901-1 to obtain chromosomal single-copy transcriptional fusions in Lactococcus lactis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1999; 65(2):752-758.
Grath SM, van Sinderen D, Fitzgerald GF. Bacteriophage-derived genetic tools for use in lactic acid bacteria. Int Dairy J. 2002;12:3–15.
Oh JH, van Pijkeren JP. CRISPR–Cas9-assisted recombineering in Lactobacillus reuteri. Nucleic acids Research. 2014; 42(17):e131.
Van der Els S, James JK, Kleerebezem M et al. Versatile Cas9- Driven Subpopulation Selection Toolbox for Lactococcus lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018;02752- 17.
Selle K, Klaenhammer TR, Barrangou R. CRISPR-based screening of genomic island excision events in bacteria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015;112(26):8076- 81.
Song X, Huang H, Xiong Z et al. CRISPR-Cas9 D10A Nickase-Assisted Genome Editing in Lactobacillus casei. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017;01259-17.
-
Abstract View: 14 times
PDF Download: 2 times
Download Statistics
Downloads
Current Issue
Subscription
Login to access subscriber-only resources.