Asian Journal of Current Research

Hypertension remains a dominant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality, with India experiencing a persistent dual burden of high prevalence and suboptimal diagnosis, treatment, and control. The North-Eastern Region (NER) of India is epidemiologically distinctive because of its heterogeneous ethnic composition, rugged geography, varied urbanization trajectories, and differential access to health services—features that can shape strong spatial patterning of cardiometabolic risk. The fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019–2021) enables an unprecedented district-level view of blood pressure indicators and related determinants, offering an opportunity to identify geographic inequities and intervention priorities. This review synthesizes peer-reviewed evidence relevant to hypertension in NER, with emphasis on geographic heterogeneity, measurement considerations, and gradients in screening and management. Thus, the paper discusses the methodological approaches for characterizing spatial distributions, interprets the likely drivers of spatial heterogeneity in the NER, such as the socioeconomic gradients, health-system reach, and behavioral risks, and outlines policy implications for targeting screening and treatment programs in hard-to-reach geographic settings. The review concludes by proposing a practical analytical framework for NER-focused impact of hypertension that balances interpretability, uncertainty communication, and program relevance.