Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Scopolamine in Daphnia magna: An In silico and In vivo Approach
Alfin Mariya
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Aparna P.
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Adheena Xavier
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Arya Mohan
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Suresh N. Nair
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Sujith S. *
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
Nisha A. R.
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Scopolamine is a toxic but pharmacologically significant alkaloid presents in many plants of the Solanaceae family. In the present study, In silico and In vivo assessment of acute toxicity of scopolamine was done in Daphnia magna. In silico evaluation of toxicity was done using the QSAR Modeling software, TEST and predicted the acute LC50 in Daphnia magna. The in vivo study used 10 D. magna adults. D. magna was treated with various concentrations (1, 5 10, 50, 100, 200 and 500 µg/ml) of scopolamine for 24 hours. After exposure, the number of live mobile and dead daphnids was recorded. The In silico toxicity studies showed LC50 of 4.57µg/mL against D. magna, and the In vivo LC50 was found to be 6.591µg/mL. The present study concluded that scopolamine possessed significant ecotoxic potential indicated by the in silico and In vivo results.
Keywords: Scopolamine, Daphnia magna, acute toxicity, lethal concentration 50, quantitative structure-activity relationship, toxicity estimation software tool