Journal of Applied Physical Science International

Experimental Investigation of Temperature Distribution in the Chips, Workpiece and Cutting Tool During Machining Operations

Uwabuike V. C. — 2023-09-08

High temperature values are encountered during machining processes and these high temperature values have negative influences on the tool, workpiece, chip formation mechanisms, the process efficiency and the quality of surface of the machined parts. These negative influences can be reduced drastically with the use of appropriate cutting tool with suitable depth of cut during machining operations. The studies of these thermal fields in machining are necessary and very important for the development of new technologies aiming to increase the tool lives and to reduce production costs. This work centers on measurement of temperatures in the chips, cutting tool and workpiece during turning and drilling operations using uncoated high-speed steel and coated cemented carbide cutting tools at different cutting speeds and depths of cut to ascertain the more suitable cutting tool and feed rate during machining operations. Although, the direct temperature measurement at the chip-tool interface are very complex, the turning experiments were performed on a lathe machine at varying turning speeds and depths of cut, while the drilling operation was performed on a drilling machine at different turning speeds and depths of cut. All the experiments were carried out at the mechanical Engineering workshop of Federal University of Technology, Owerri. The temperature values of chip, cutting tool and workpiece when working on brass, high-carbon steel and stainless steel were measured using digital thermocouples. The results obtained showed that uncoated high-speed steel cutting tool could not cut stainless steel and high-carbon steel at very high turning speed and depth of cut due to the excessive heat it generated at the contact area, and at very low cutting speed the temperature of the cutting tools were higher than the workpiece irrespective of the cutting tool till an increased cutting speed where temperature of workpiece became higher than the cutting tool. It is recommended that coated cemented carbide on hard materials be used during turning and drilling to ensure a negligible increase in temperature while machining, also monitor speed for required finishing and extended tool life.

Structural and Biological Properties of 4-Dimethylamino Benzoic Acid: An Insight from the DFT Perspective

Keerthana Ravikumar — 2023-09-11

The structural investigation of 4-Dimethylamino benzoic acid using FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV, and NMR spectroscopic techniques was done systematically. The vibrational assignments, IR, and Raman scattering activity were computed by the density functional theory (DFT) using the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and the B3LYP method. Experimental and theoretical parameters were compared. According to orbital natural bond calculations, the compound's stability is due to hyper-conjugative interactions and a hydrogen-bonding network. Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) is also performed. HOMO and LUMO energies have been identified. The compound was docked with Adenovirus protein ID 3N0I, and the binding energy was found to be -4.4 kcal/mol.

The Study of Formation of Sonic Black Hole in One-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate

Haoquan Xu — 2023-10-10

Based on the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) model, this work studies the formation of acoustic black holes in one-dimensional Bose Einstein condensate (BEC) in harmonic oscillator external potential, and extending the applicable scenarios of the GPE model for its specific application of simulating the formation conditions of acoustic black holes in one-dimensional systems. At the same time, We deepen the understanding of the analytical formula for determining the production conditions of acoustic black holes and the evolution formula of the radius of acoustic black holes.

Solitary Vortex Dynamics of 2D Bose-Einstein Condensates with Higher-Order Nonlinear Interactions

Huiping Ou — 2023-10-10

For study of Continuous matter waves in Bose-Einstein condensates in nonlinear and quantum atom optics, the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) is chosen as the reliable model for studying the dynamics of vortices in the framework of mean-field theory. In related problems in several recent studies showing that higher-order interrelationships are an indispensable component of the GPE even at the mean-field level, by numerically estimating the vortex dynamics variables. In this paper, derive the vortex soliton solutions using the variational method and investigate the effect of higher-order nonlinear corrections on the behavior of the vortex dynamics, which are shown to have an important impact on the vortex dynamics behavior.