Traditional Use of Plants in Phytocosmetics: An Ethnobotanical Study in Oran, Algeria
Walid KHITRI
*
Medical Botany Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran 1, Algeria and Laboratory for Research in Alternative and Complementary Medicine (MEDAC), Algeria.
Mustapha CHELGHOUM
Laboratory for Research in Alternative and Complementary Medicine (MEDAC), Algeria and Medical Botany Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria.
Dalila SMATI
Laboratory for Research in Alternative and Complementary Medicine (MEDAC), Algeria and Medical Botany Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Algiers, Algeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Growing consumer interest in natural and plant-based cosmetics has renewed scientific attention to traditional phytocosmetic practices. Owing to their diverse bioactive constituents, plants are widely used in skin, hair, and personal care formulations. However, the increasing popularity of these products also raises important questions regarding their safety, efficacy, and standardization. In this context, the present study aimed to document the plant species traditionally used in cosmetic preparations in Oran, Algeria, and to describe their reported applications, methods of preparation, and perceived effects.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional ethnobotanical survey was conducted among 201 students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran. Data were collected over a five-month period using a structured questionnaire administered in Arabic and French. Information was obtained on socio-demographic characteristics, plant species used for cosmetic purposes, plant parts employed, preparation methods, frequency of use, perceived effectiveness, and adverse effects. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices, including citation frequency, relative frequency of citation, and use value, were calculated.
Results: The survey identified 61 plant species belonging to 36 botanical families and documented 108 phytocosmetic formulations. The most frequently cited species were Olea europaea L., Cocos nucifera L., Coffea arabica L., Citrus × limonum Risso, and Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb. The main reported applications were skin exfoliation, moisturising and softening, acne care, hair softening, and stimulation of hair growth. Poultices, infusions, decoctions, and fresh applications were the principal preparation methods. Most respondents reported satisfactory results, although some adverse effects were also noted.
Conclusion: This study highlights the richness of local phytocosmetic knowledge in Oran and underscores the value of traditional plant-based practices as a potential resource for future cosmetic research. Further phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical studies are needed to validate the safety and efficacy of the most commonly used species and formulations.
Keywords: Phytocosmetics, ethnobotany, traditional knowledge, Oran, Algeria