Antifungal Properties and Phytochemical Composition of Ficus platyphylla Stem Bark and Leaves Extracts
Sossou Efoé *
Laboratory Department of the Sylvanus, Olympio University Hospital Center, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Tokoin Hospital District, BP 57, Lomé, Togo.
Domedjui Komi L
Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 01 BP 1515, Togo.
Novidzro Kosi M
Laboratory of Engineering Processes and Natural Resources, University of Lome, 01 BP 1515, Togo.
Ocansey Bright
Fungi Dx Laboratories, Dansoman, GA-587-7258, Ghana and Alderley Lighthouse Laboratory, Cheadle, SK8 3GY, England.
Dorkenoo Ameyo M
Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lome, BP 01 BP 1515, Lomé, Togo and Laboratory Department of the University Hospital Campus, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Cité OUA-03 BP 30284, Lomé, Togo.
Gbogbo Koffi A
Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, 01 BP 1515, Togo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Ficus platyphylla is a plant species used in traditional medicine to treat microbial diseases. The leaves and stem bark are the most widely used parts of this plant.
Stady Design: It was a prospective study.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate alternative plant-based treatments for mycoses in Togo.
Methods: Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of the bark and leaves of F. platyphylla were tested in a comparative approach on five reference strains (Candida albicans ATCC90028, Candida krusei ATCC6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 and Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073), and two clinical strains (Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis), using the broth microdilution method.
Results: Hydroethanol extracts were more active. Dermatophyte strains were more sensitive, with MICs ranging from 0.31 to 2.5 mg/mL. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, polyphenols and tannins, justifying the antifungal properties observed.
Conclusion: The hydroethanol extract of F. platyphylla leaves has significant antifungal potential and should be explored in further studies, particularly therapeutic studies.
Keywords: Ficus platyphylla, stem bark, leaves, antifungal properties, phytochemicals