Journal of Biology and Nature

Pulse crops have higher protein content which is nearly double than the cereals. So, it has a significant role in human and animal nutrition as well as is beneficial to soil and environment. However, the increasing the threat of climate change poses significant challenges to global agriculture. Therefore, this review paper discusses about the technologies to ensure sustainable pulse production. Climate change refers to long-term shifts in global or regional climate patterns that are primarily caused by human activities such as industrialisation, urbanisation, deforestation, agriculture, changes in land use patterns, and so on. These activities emit greenhouse gases, which accelerates climate change. The impact of climate change is complex and no single strategy will address the issue adequately. Therefore, an integrated approach combining improved genetics, sustainable agronomic practices and supportive policies is essential to ensure sustainable pulse production under changing climatic conditions. To enhance the resilience of pulse crops, it is crucial to adopt a package of climate-smart technologies including the development and selection of climate-resilient varieties that can withstand heat, drought and salinity, practices that improve water and nutrient use efficiency and techniques that strengthen crop resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. The technologies adopted by farmers could minimize the impact of weather aberrations and contribute towards sustainability and built resilience. Pulses are climate smart crops, their physiological and morphological traits, such as deep root systems, short growing periods and low water and fertilizer requirements, make them well-suited to cope with extreme weather conditions. In addition to adapting to climate change, pulses contribute to its mitigation by reducing dependency on synthetic fertilizers, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and improving soil carbon sequestration.