Journal of Global Agriculture and Ecology

This study provides a comparative assessment of soil physical and chemical properties under different tree species across three semi-arid districts of Haryana (Jind, Rohtak, Jhajjar). Soil samples were collected at four radial distances (0, 2, 4, 6 m) and four depths (0–50, 51–80, 81–110, 111–140 cm) of ten selected tree species using a manual auger before sowing and harvest periods. Data analysis was done using the online software OP-STAT for ANOVA with a randomised block design. Results showed a spatial pattern, viz., Jind and Rohtak consistently exhibited clay-loam textures across depths and distances, whereas Jhajjar soil became progressively lighter (loam to sandy-loam) with depth and distance. Analysis of variance showed that environmental district and soil depth were the dominant drivers of variability in moisture, pH, and Organic Carbon (OC), and higher mean-square values than species and interaction terms. Different tree species had moderate, site-specific influences on the OC and high moisture content at 0m and 2m. Soil pH varied with depth and environment, with sandy textures showing reduced buffering capacity. OC accumulation correlated strongly with texture and surface proximity, reflecting clay-mediated stabilisation and enhanced organic inputs under tree canopies. The findings from this study suggest that in semi-arid regions, successful landscape interventions can improve soil physical qualities by increasing soil organic matter and moisture content through the planting of appropriate tree species.