Phenotypic Selection of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Elite Lines for Diseases Resistance and Yield Potential

Tafesse Solomon *

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Berhanu Sime

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Rut Duga

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Negash Geleta

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Alemu Dabi

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Gadisa Alemu

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Abebe Delesa

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Habtemriam Zegeye

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Bayisa Asefa

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Alemu Ayele

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Getnet Muche

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Tamirat Negash

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Daniel Kasa

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Dawit Asnake

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Megersa Bayisa

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Abebe Getamesay

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Demeke Zewdu

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

Niguse Degefa

National Wheat Research Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Asella (P.O. Box -489), Ethiopia.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Wheat diseases and pests globally threaten wheat production. Wheat rust diseases are the most distractive biotic constraint of wheat in Ethiopia. Therefore, this experiment aimed to select and develop wheat rust resistance bread wheat varieties for the farmers. The result of the study revealed highly significant variation existed among tested genotypes for Plant Height (PHT), Days to Heading (DTH), Days to Maturity (DTM), Thousand Kernel Weight (TKW), Hectoliter Weight (HLW), and Yield (YLD) at (P< 0.001). Out the forty-nine introduced genotypes, five genotypes: EBW222153, EBW222159, EBW222160, EBW222162, and EBW222164, showed resistance to moderately resistance for both yellow rust and stem rust diseases across the two test locations. Also, they delivered high average yield: 5.9 tha-1, 4.46 tha-1, 5.17tha-1,4.15 tha-1, and 4.79tha-1 respectively. Furthermore, all the above-mentioned genotypes, except EBW222162, showed significantly higher yield at (P<0.05) than the check variety, Shaki. Furthermore, EBW222153, EBW222159, EBW222160, EBW222162, EBW222164, and EBW222178 would resistance to moderately resistance for stem rust at Melkasa. Thus, the selection of these genotypes and advancing to the next stage of breeding pipelines enables to release noble bread wheat varieties for the farmers.

Keywords: Wheat, stem rust, yellow rust, resistance, moderately resistant, genotype


How to Cite

Solomon, T., Sime, B., Duga, R., Geleta, N., Dabi, A., Alemu, G., Delesa, A., Zegeye, H., Asefa, B., Ayele, A., Muche, G., Negash, T., Kasa, D., Asnake, D., Bayisa, M., Getamesay, A., Zewdu, D., & Degefa, N. (2024). Phenotypic Selection of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Elite Lines for Diseases Resistance and Yield Potential. Journal of Global Agriculture and Ecology, 16(4), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.56557/jogae/2024/v16i48884