Community-Based Flood Disaster Mitigation Model in Kalibaru Wetan Village, Kalibaru Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia
Anjar Triyono Hadi
Department of Water Resources Management, Magister Program, University of Jember, Indonesia.
Subhan Arif Budiman *
Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Jember, Indonesia.
Budhy Santoso
Department of Social Welfare, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia.
Bambang Hermiyanto
Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Jember, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: Floods constitute recurring threats causing significant losses in the highland areas of Banyuwangi Regency, particularly in Kalibaru Wetan Village. This research aims to formulate a flood disaster mitigation model that integrates community participation holistically across all disaster phases: pre-disaster, during disaster, and post-disaster.
Methodology: The data analysis method used a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews with 22 informants, including community leaders, village officials, volunteers, and affected residents, accompanied by participatory observation and document analysis.
Results: The findings reveal a "participation paradox": social solidarity and "gotong royong" social capital are exceptionally high during the emergency response phase (reactive), yet preventive initiatives remain weak in the pre-disaster phase due to a strong dependency on instructions from local leaders, reflecting a "Patron-Client" relationship. Flood causative factors were identified as a combination of extreme rainfall, upstream forest conversion into agricultural land, river sedimentation, and waste disposal behavior. The resulting mitigation model emphasizes transforming social capital into an anticipatory institutional system through four key strategies: (1) formalizing community-based informal networks; (2) redefining cultural values from reactive to preventive; (3) strengthening local leadership with standardized operating protocols (SOP); and (4) substantive community involvement in reconstruction planning. This model contributes to Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (CBDRR) literature by demonstrating that mitigation effectiveness depends not merely on the strength of social capital, but on the capacity to transform it into structured, sustainable anticipatory actions.
Conclusion: This model embodies emotional solidarity into a planned and anticipatory institutional system, so that citizens are no longer merely objects of rescue, but subjects with full agency in protecting their own living spaces.
Keywords: Flood mitigation, community participation, social capital, disaster-resilient village, disaster risk management