In vivo ANTAGONISM OF Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Phaseoli, AND GROWTH PROMOTION IN COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris) (FABACEAE) BY Trichoderma spp.
MILENA DA SILVA MEDEIROS
Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Campus Murici, Alagoas, Brazil.
JULIANA PAIVA CARNAÚBA
Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Campus Murici, Alagoas, Brazil.
TANIA MARTA CARVALHO DOS SANTOS
Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.
ELIZABETH SIMÕES DO AMARAL ALVES
Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
KEVISON ROMULO DA SILVA FRANÇA
Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.
CLAYTON DOS SANTOS SILVA
Post Graduation Program in Familiar Agriculture Production Systems, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil.
JOÃO MANOEL DA SILVA *
Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Piauí, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenic capacity of Fusarium oxysporum, the antagonistic capacity, and growth promotion of the strains of Trichoderma spp. in vivo in common beans. The experiment was carried in two steps. First, the pathogenicity evaluation test of the F. oxysporum strain was carried out in 200 mL pots, and the biometry of the bean plants was subsequently evaluated. In the second experiment, were used pots of 5L containing sterile soil. Four strains of Trichoderma, and one strain of F. oxysporum were used. The bean seeds were previously sterilized, followed by inoculation with the pathogen previously grown in Petri dishes with Mannitol, followed by planting the infected seeds. The antagonists were grown in petri dishes, and after five days scraping was performed obtaining a spore suspension (10-4 spores per ml), followed by direct inoculation in the soil after planting the seeds. In all experiments, a completely randomized design with three replications was adopted. After 57 days, their agronomic and biometric characters were evaluated, namely: number of leaves, plant height, basal diameter, root length, root weight, leaf area. The data obtained were tabulated, and submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means compared by the Skott-Knott test (P = .05). Plants treated with Trichoderma inoculum show the best results regarding biometric parameters, can acting as plant growth promoters. Among these parameters, biomass and dry mass are the most significant for this crop. Trichoderma strains used in this study can inhibit the damage of F. oxysporum, and promote bean growth.
Keywords: Agroecology, biological control, plant growth promotion, beneficial fungi