HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND ITS RELATED TRAITS IN BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)
HAJER SAEED ASKANDER *
Department of Field Crops, Colleges of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Dohuk, Iraq.
MAAN MOHAMMED SALIH
Department of Field Crops, Colleges of Agricultural, University of Telafer, Iraq.
MOHAMMED S. ALTAWEEL
Department of Field Crops, Colleges of Agricultural and Forestry, University of Mousl, Mousl, Iraq.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Seven bread wheat genotypes were crossed in line × tester making design. The 12 F1’s and their parents were sown at Al-Rashedia Farm, Ninevah, Iraq, in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications during the 2018/2019 growing season. The result showed that remarkable genetic variability was observed for the traits. The hybrid (Kirchanff × Cam-6) had a higher grain yield and average yield component compared to the parents. Kukri line and Cham-6 tester were a good combiner for the number of grains per spike, grain yield and 1,000 kernel weight. (Magenta × Adnanea) and (Kirchanff × Cham-6) showed negative significant heterosis for studied traits. Additive genetic variance was less than dominance variance for all traits followed by a low value of narrow sense heritability supported both additive and non-additive gene.
Keywords: Combining ability, line × tester, wheat and heterosis