IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION FROM LEAF AND STEM DERIVED CALLUS OF Solanum diphyllum L. – A POTENT MEDICINAL HERB
M. RANJITHA
Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
SHOBHA JAGANNATH *
Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The present study was conducted to standardize a suitable protocol for rapid callus induction and in vitro regeneration in Solanum diphyllum using leaf and stem explants. The explants were cultured on MS medium fortified with 2, 4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at different concentrations and combinations. Among the growth regulators used, 2, 4-D offered a maximum callus of 93.6 ± 0.48 % at 1.5 mg/L in leaf explants while stem explants showed 89.1 ± 0.74 %. While, a combination of the hormones however did not show significant results. The indirect regeneration was successfully achieved on MS medium containing BAP at 2 mg/L with multiple shoot regenerations frequency of 85.2 ± 0.58% and no responses were noticed in 2, 4-D, and NAA. The rhizogenesis was achieved for regenerated plantlets with a maximum root induction of 86.3 ± 0.54 % on MS medium supplemented with indole butyric acid (IBA) at 0.75 mg/L. Plantlets with well-developed shoots with roots were successfully hardened and acclimatized with an 85% survival rate. Therefore, the outcome of these results revealed that the leaf explant is highly efficient for both calli as well as regeneration in S. diphyllum. Since it is a medicinally important species; our results will be useful to isolate active metabolites by using callus cultures throughout the year.
Keywords: Solanum diphyllum, micropropagation, callogenesis, plant growth regulators