Impact of Iron Nanoparticles Application on Date Palm In-vitro Regeneration Stability
Rasha N. Arafa *
Central Lab of Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Sayed A. A. Elsayh
Horticulture Research Institute, Breeding Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
I. M. Shams El-Din
Central Lab of Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Salwa El-Habashy
Horticulture Research Institute, Breeding Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Emadeldin A. H. Ahmed
Horticulture Research Institute, Breeding Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Eman H. Afifi
Horticulture Research Institute, Breeding Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Marwa M. Abdalgaleel
Horticulture Research Institute, Breeding Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Rabab W. El Aramany
Central Lab of Date Palm Researches and Development, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Alaa N. Draz
Agriculture Botany-Department, Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohamed F. Gaber
Horticulture Research Institute, Ornamental plants Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles is critical in a number of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. Iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) are one of the main sources of plant nutrition because they are effective in releasing a variety of pH values. To study the effect of different concentrations of Fe NPs (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 ml/l) on the regeneration and rooting of Bartamoda cv. date palm, as well as to ascertain the content of carbohydrates and chlorophyll in shoots, an experiment was conducted at the Central Laboratory for Research and Development of Date Palm, Agricultural Research Center Giza, Egypt. Adding treatments of Fe NPs at 1.0 and 2.0 ml/l to MS medium containing BA at 2.0 mg/l and NAA at 0.5 mg/l significantly enhanced growth (number of shoots/cluster, number of leaves/cluster, and leaf length), according to Results. MS medium supplemented with NAA at 1.0 mg/l and Fe NPs at 1.0 ml/l showed the highest rooting percentage (89.0%). Treating the shoots with varying doses of iron nanoparticles led to a significantly higher iron content compared to the untreated control shoots. The carbohydrate content improved steadily and significantly with increasing Fe NP concentration. Compared with the control group, treatments with Fe NPs at 1.0 and 2.0 ml/l enhanced the levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
Through the use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles, the somaclonal variation in shoots that can be caused by Fe NPs during the multiplication stage was examined. To amplify DNA from various shoots, seven random 10-mer primers were applied. The shoots' RAPD patterns matched those of the original plant mother, proving that Fe NPs did not cause somaclonal variation that could be seen using the RAPD method.
Keywords: Date palm, In-vitro, iron nanoparticles, shoots regeneration, rooting, chlorophyll content, carbohydrate content, genetic stability and RAPD analysis