Physical and Biochemical Evaluation of Hibiscus (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seeds Grown in Burkina Faso
Vonogo Nikodème Kabré
Manga University Center, Life and Earth Sciences Laboratory (LASVT), Norbert Zongo University, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
Jotham Yhi-pênê N’do *
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Moussa N’golo Konaté
Life and Earth Sciences Laboratory (LASVT), Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Norbert Zongo University, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
Lidwine Ange Flora Diarra
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Paulin Wendsom Savadogo
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Albert Soudré
Life and Earth Sciences Laboratory (LASVT), Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Norbert Zongo University, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
Mahamadi Hamed Ouédraogo
Plant Genetics and Breeding Research Team, Biosciences Laboratory, Unit of Training and Research in Life and Earth Sciences, Joseph KI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Hibiscus cannabinus L. is cultivated in Burkina Faso for its leaves and seeds and is valued as a food plant and source of traditional products.
Aims: This study evaluated the physical, biochemical and mineral characteristics of seeds from 15 Hibiscus cannabinus L. accessions cultivated in Burkina Faso.
Methodology: Seed samples obtained after propagation at the experimental site of the Institute for Rural Development in Gampela were ground into powder and analysed in the laboratory. Moisture, ash, lipid, protein and carbohydrate contents were determined using the methods specified in the manuscript, while calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, sodium and zinc concentrations were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Quantitative agromorphological traits were also recorded, and the data were analysed using analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis and hierarchical classification.
Results: The accessions showed variability in agromorphological, physicochemical and biochemical traits. Calcium and iron contents varied among accessions, with NAG1 showing the highest calcium level and OUT1 showing the highest iron level. Potassium, magnesium, sodium and zinc were present in most accessions, while ash, lipid, protein and carbohydrate contents differed markedly between genotypes. Accessions KOG4, OUO2 and NAG2 had high ash contents, KOT1 and OUT1 showed high moisture contents, KOW3, NAL2 and KOT1 had high carbohydrate contents, and NAG2 showed the highest lipid content. KON3, OUT1 and NAG2 were notable for relatively high protein contents. Principal component analysis explained 48.2% of the total variation, and hierarchical classification separated the accessions into three groups.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that Hibiscus cannabinus L. seeds grown in Burkina Faso contain measurable mineral and macronutrient variation that may support further evaluation and targeted use of promising accessions.
Keywords: Hibiscus cannabinus L., Burkina Faso, seed accessions, mineral composition, biochemical composition, physicochemical traits, agromorphological traits, macronutrients, potassium, magnesium, nutritional evaluation.